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    Mark Gruenwald
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Bio:
Mark Gruenwald (June 18, 1953-August 12, 1996) was an American comic book writer and editor. Gruenwald got his start in comics fandom, publishing his own fanzine, Omniverse, which explored the concept of continuity. In 1978 he was hired by Marvel Comics, where he spent the rest of his career.

Hired initially as an assistant editor, Gruenwald was promoted to full editorship by Jim Shooter. In the late 1980s he became executive editor, with a particular remit as the keeper of Marvel continuity. Most fans, as well as Gruenwald's colleagues at Marvel, believe that had there not been a restructuring of the entire company by the owners in the early 1990s, he would have become editor-in-chief.

As a writer, Gruenwald is best-known for a long (1985-1995) stint as the writer of Captain America, and for the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe. However, his magnum opus is widely regarded to be his mid-1980s 12-issue miniseries Squadron Supreme, which told the story of an alternate universe where a group of well-intentioned superheroes decide that they would be best suited to run the planet.

In 1996, Gruenwald succumbed to an unexpected heart attack. As per his request, he was cremated, and his ashes were mixed with the ink used to print the first trade paperback compilation of Squadron Supreme.

Gruenwald was famous for a seemingly near-perfect recollection of even the most trivial details; an annual contest where fans tried to stump him with obscure questions was eventually discontinued by Marvel as it became clear he would never lose.

In the years since his death, many projects have been dedicated to his memory, especially those involving complicated continuity that would have delighted him (the JLA/Avengers crossover or the Earth X trilogy to name two). In the DC Universe, a building in Gotham City was named the Von Gruenwald Tower, and in the novel Captain America: Liberty's Torch, the lawyer kidnapped to defend the similarly kidnapped Captain in a mock trial before a militia is named Mark Gruenwald, and is described with the same general physical attributes and personality as the "real" one.

Date of Birth: June 18, 1953
Birthplace: Oshkosh, WI
Date of death: August 12, 1996



Favorite Creators:
Mark Gruenwald is a favorite creator of 16 users



View a chronological listing of this creator's work

Writer:
The Amazing Spider-Man (1963)
Amazing World of DC Comics (1974)
Avengers West Coast (1989)
The Avengers (1963)
Avengers: Galactic Storm (2006)
Avengers: Hawkeye (2009)
Avengers: The Terminatrix Objective (1993)
The Best of Wolverine (2006)
Bizarre Adventures (1981)
Captain America (1968)
Captain America: The Legend (1996)
D.P.7 (1986)
Daredevil (1964)
The Defenders (1972)
Die Spinne Comic Album (1979)
The Draft (1988)
Essential Defenders (2005)
Essential Marvel Two-In-One (2005)
Essential Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (2006)
Essential Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe - Deluxe Edition (2006)
Essential Spider-Man (2001)
Essential Spider-Woman (2005)
Fantastic Four (1961)
Fantastic Four Visionaries: George Perez (2005)
Fantastic Four: The Legend (1996)
Grandson of Origins of Marvel Comics (1998)
Hawkeye (1983)
Impossible Man Summer Vacation Spectacular (1990)
Justice (1986)
Kickers, Inc. (1986)
Kostajat Erikoisjulkaisu (1989)
Marvel Age (1983)
Marvel Comics Presents (1988)
Marvel Graphic Novel: Squadron Supreme: Death of a Universe (1989)
Marvel Masterworks: Deathlok (2009)
Marvel Milestones: Star Brand & Quasar (2006)
Marvel Premiere Classics (2006)
Marvel Super Hero Contest of Champions (1982)
Marvel Team-Up (1972)
Marvel Two-In-One (1974)
Marvel Year-In-Review (1990)
The New Mutants (1983)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition, Vol. 2 (1985)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (1983)
Omega the Unknown Classic (2005)
Over the Edge (1995)
The Pitt (1987)
The Punisher (1987)
Quasar (1989)
ROM (1979)
Secret Wars II (1985)
The Sensational Spider-Man (1996)
Silver Surfer (1987)
The Spectacular Spider-Man (1976)
Spider-Man Family (2005)
Spider-Woman (1978)
Squadron Supreme (1985)
Squadron Supreme: Death of a Universe (2006)
Star Masters (1995)
Starblast (1994)
Super-Villain Classics (1983)
The Thing: Project Pegasus (2010)
Thor (1966)
Thor: The Legend (1996)
Thunderbolts: Marvel's Most Wanted (1998)
U.S.Agent (1993)
Uncanny X-Men (1963)
Web of Spider-Man (1985)
West Coast Avengers (1985)
What If? (1977)
Women of Marvel (2006)
X-Factor (1986)

Penciller:
All-New Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A-Z (2006)
The Amazing Spider-Man (1963)
Avengers: Hawkeye (2009)
Essential Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (2006)
Essential Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe - Deluxe Edition (2006)
Hawkeye (1983)
The Incredible Hulk (1968)
Marvel Premiere Classics (2006)
Marvel Team-Up (1972)
Marvel Zombies: The Book of Angels, Demons & Various Monstrosities (2007)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition, Vol. 2 (1985)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (1983)
Questprobe (1984)
What If? (1977)
Who's Who: The Definitive Directory of the DC Universe (1985)

Inker:
What If? (1977)

Colorist:
Captain America (1968)

Editor:
The Amazing Spider-Man (1963)
Avengers Spotlight (1989)
Avengers Unplugged (1995)
Avengers West Coast (1989)
The Avengers (1963)
The Avengers: Kang - Time and Time Again (2005)
Battlestar Galactica (1979)
Black Panther (1988)
Captain America (1968)
Captain Marvel (1989)
The Chronicles of Conan (2003)
ClanDestine (1994)
Conan the Barbarian (1970)
Cosmic Powers Unlimited (1995)
Crossover Classics (1991)
Darkhawk (1991)
DC Versus Marvel / Marvel Versus DC (1996)
Essential Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (2006)
Essential Spider-Woman (2005)
Fantastic Four (1961)
Fantastic Four Unplugged (1995)
Fantastic Four Visionaries: John Byrne (2005)
Fury/Black Widow: Death Duty (1995)
Gravity (2005)
Hercules: Prince of Power (1982)
Howard the Duck (1976)
Howard the Duck (1979)
Howard The Duck Omnibus (2008)
Incredible Hulk/Hercules: Unleashed (1996)
Inhumans Special (1990)
The Inhumans: The Great Refuge (1995)
The Invincible Iron Man DVD-ROM (2007)
Iron Man (1968)
Iron Man: The Legend (1996)
Iron Man/X-O Manowar: Heavy Metal (1996)
Journey Into Mystery (1996)
The Last Avengers Story (1995)
Lunatik (1995)
Magneto Ascendant (1999)
Man-Thing (1979)
Marvel Age (1983)
Marvel Preview (1975)
The Marvel Saga (1985)
Marvel Super Hero Contest of Champions (1982)
Marvel Super-Heroes (1990)
Marvel Two-In-One (1974)
The New Mutants (1983)
Nick Fury vs. S.H.I.E.L.D. (1988)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe - Update '89 (1989)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition, Vol. 2 (1985)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Master Edition (1990)
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (1983)
The Official Marvel Index To The Amazing Spider-Man (1985)
The Official Marvel Index To The X-Men (1987)
The Origin of Galactus (1996)
Rune/Silver Surfer (1995)
Silver Surfer (1987)
Silver Surfer: Dangerous Artifacts (1996)
Solo Avengers (1987)
The Spectacular Spider-Man (1976)
Spider-Woman (1978)
Star Brand (1986)
Superman/Fantastic Four (1999)
The Thing (1983)
Thor (1966)
Thor Legends (2003)
Thor Visionaries: Walter Simonson (2001)
The Tomb of Dracula Magazine (1979)
Uncanny Origins (1996)
Uncanny X-Men (1963)
Untold Tales of Spider-Man (1995)
The Very Best of Marvel Comics (1992)
The Vision and the Scarlet Witch (1982)
War Machine (1994)
Warlock and the Infinity Watch (1992)
Web of Spider-Man (1985)
West Coast Avengers (1984)
West Coast Avengers (1985)
What If? (1977)
Wolverine & Nick Fury: Scorpio Connection (1989)
The Wolverine Saga (1989)
Women of Marvel (2006)
X-Men Spotlight On...Starjammers (1990)
X-Men vs. the Avengers (1987)
X-Men: Phoenix Rising (2001)
X-O Manowar/Iron Man in Heavy Metal (1996)

Cover Artist:
Avengers: Hawkeye (2009)
Hawkeye (1983)
Marvel Premiere Classics (2006)



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